From Arbitration Victory to Humiliation Deal, Part II: Carpio Sounds the Alarm While Malacañang Gaslights the Constitution
By Louis ‘Barok‘ C. Biraogo — April 5, 2026
I WARNED you in “From Arbitration Victory to Humiliation Deal: Why This China Gas Pact Stinks” — the Marcos administration was sleepwalking toward sovereign seppuku in the West Philippine Sea. April 2026 has arrived, and the nightmare is real: Antonio Carpio is screaming “suicide,” Claire Castro is chanting “walang mawawala” like a mantra, and the Palace is busy treating the 2016 Arbitral Award like yesterday’s embarrassing Facebook memory.
Buckle up, mga ka-kweba. The hermit of Kweba ni Barok is back at the autopsy table. Scalpel out. No anesthesia.

(Except the Sea, the Gas, the Award, and Your Dignity)
I. Carpio vs. Castro: Purity vs. Dumbassery Cage Match
Antonio Carpio steps into the ring swinging the 1987 Constitution like a lead pipe and the 2016 Arbitral Award like a flamethrower. He’s legally correct, and I salute the man’s titanium spine. As I wrote in my earlier piece, this is exactly the sovereign seppuku I warned was coming. Carpio nails it: any deal where Beijing claims ownership of the gas is “committing suicide.” He’s the last honest referee left in a country that treats its own arbitral victory like yesterday’s balut wrapper.
But here’s the cold shower on Carpio’s absolutism: it’s politically impotent. The Palace runs on flip-flops and photo-ops. Political will? In a Malacañang powered by Chinese loans and BRI wet dreams? Please. Carpio’s “go solo” mantra is noble, but the Philippine Navy couldn’t scare a Chinese fishing boat with a foghorn and a strongly worded note. Reality bites: we don’t have the hardware to drill alone while Xi’s coast guard plays bumper cars in our EEZ.
Claire Castro, bless her well-meaning heart, is the administration’s human duct tape. She insists “walang mawawala,” no interests lost, no secret deals, sincere pa—the full word-salad special. I acknowledge the realpolitik: Malampaya is gasping, energy prices are a national migraine, and joint exploration sounds like a pragmatic Band-Aid. Fine. But her assurances are legally meaningless without a signed, sealed, notarized confession from Beijing admitting the resources belong to us and Philippine law governs. “Trust me, bro” is not a clause in the Constitution. It’s an insult to Article XII, Section 2, and every Filipino who still believes the 2016 Award wasn’t just expensive toilet paper.
II. Constitutional & Legal Autopsy
Let’s carve this corpse open under the bright lights.
the 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines (1987 Constitution), Article XII, Section 2: “All lands of the public domain, waters, minerals, coal, petroleum, and other mineral oils… are owned by the State.” Full stop. Exploration and development under “full control and supervision of the State.” Foreigners get service contracts or technical/financial assistance—not ownership, not co-ownership, not “joint management” with Chinese flags on the rigs. Presidential Decree No. 87 (PD 87) (the Service Contract law) makes this crystal: contractor bears the risk, government owns the gas, Philippine law governs, profit share only after costs. That’s the template. Anything else is constitutional fellatio.
the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) Article 74(3) is the provisional-arrangement loophole Beijing will hide behind like a cheap umbrella in a typhoon. “Pending agreement on delimitation, the States concerned… shall make every effort to enter into provisional arrangements of a practical nature.” Cute. But provisional doesn’t mean “surrender your EEZ.” The 2016 South China Sea Arbitral Award (2016 Arbitral Award) already delimited it: Reed Bank is ours. China’s nine-dash line is legally dead. Accepting any deal where China “owns” the gas is fellating Beijing in open court.
Precedents? The Joint Marine Seismic Undertaking (JMSU) Case (2023 En Banc) is the rotting corpse they’re ignoring. The Supreme Court struck down the Arroyo-era tripartite deal because it let wholly foreign entities explore without the safeguards of Article XII—no 60% Filipino equity, no real State control. La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Association v. Ramos (G.R. No. 127882, December 1, 2004) (La Bugal-B’laan) is the other corpse: foreign participation is allowed only under full State supervision. Management by outsiders? Fine. Ownership or sovereignty-sharing? Go to jail, do not pass Go.
Carpio’s “suicide” line? I quote myself again: this pact stinks of humiliation because it turns our arbitral victory into a participation trophy for China’s delusions.
III. The $64 Billion Idiot Question
Can the Philippines enter into joint exploration with China without conceding ownership, sovereignty, or legal rights?
No, you idiot. Not unless Beijing suddenly discovers democracy, UNCLOS, and the concept of “not being a bully.” Chinese “joint development” is a Trojan horse wrapped in diplomatic gift paper. During the Duterte era they explicitly demanded removal of the “resources belong to the Philippines” clause and the “governed by Philippine law” clause. That’s not negotiation; that’s a demand letter for de facto recognition of the nine-dash line. Any “neutral” JDA is a fantasy. It creates estoppel. It gives China Exhibit A to wave in future arbitrations: “See? Even Manila admits we have rights here.” Legal zombie apocalypse.
IV. Energy Non-Security Mockery
Malampaya depletion has been a known crisis for twenty goddamn years. Every administration treated it like a gym membership they swore they’d use “next month.” Now the lights are flickering and suddenly China is the answer? Reed Bank is no quick fix. Development takes a decade—permits, seismic, drilling, pipelines, environmental studies, Supreme Court petitions. Importing LNG from Vietnam, the US, or Australia is faster, cheaper, and doesn’t require bending over for Beijing.
This energy insecurity is self-inflicted. The administration’s panic is the clusterfuck of short-termism. Call to action: Service Contract only arrangements. No joint ownership, no Chinese law, no Beijing flags. If China balks (they will), pivot to ironclad safeguards—PH law governs, binding arbitration in Singapore or The Hague, “without prejudice” to the arbitral award. If that fails, go solo or partner with literally anyone else: US, Japan, South Korea, Exxon, Chevron, or a guy with a rowboat and a dream. Just not the people who drew the nine-dash line on a cocktail napkin.
V. Motivations Roast
- Carpio: constitutional cock-blocker and guardian of his arbitral legacy. Motivations pure as mountain spring water. Effectiveness: zero, because politics.
- Castro: the administration’s parrot with a law degree. She’s not lying—she just doesn’t know what she doesn’t know. Motivations: keep the boss happy, avoid market panic, repeat talking points.
- Marcos Jr.: desperate for a legacy win. Will trade legal principles for a headline screaming “Gas Deal Reached” before the next power rate hike. Classic flip-flop sovereign-renter energy.
- China: playing the long game. They don’t need the gas; they need us to recognize their rules. Every barrel they “jointly develop” is another nail in the 2016 Award’s coffin.
- PXP Energy and Manuel Pangilinan: show-me-the-money commercial lobby. Profit over patrimony. Nothing personal—just business, until the Coast Guard shows up.
VI. Options & Resolutions Eviscerated
- Option 1 (Carpio’s fantasy): strict compliance. Result: no deal, energy crisis drags on, blackouts, riots. You like that? Thought so.
- Option 2 (watered-down JDA): constitutional challenge. Supreme Court strikes it down ten years later—after China has already sucked Reed Bank dry. Classic Philippine legal zombie.
- Option 3 (go solo/other partners): THIS IS THE WAY. Multiple partners, domestic renewables, a national energy plan that doesn’t rely on Beijing’s charity. As I said in my earlier piece: stop turning victory into humiliation.
VII. Impacts, Implications & Consequences
- Legal: a bad deal makes the 2016 Award toilet paper and invites JMSU 2.0.
- Geopolitical: ASEAN watches. The US watches. China laughs all the way to the bank.
- Domestic: Marcos becomes either the hero who got the gas or the villain who sold the sea. No middle ground. The Filipino people own that gas—not the Palace, not PXP, not Beijing.
VIII. The Barok Decree: Recommendations
- Reject any deal with a whiff of Chinese ownership, Chinese law, or Chinese “joint management.” Period.
- Legislate a mandatory service-contract framework for all WPS deals—publish it, don’t hide it behind “executive privilege” bullshit.
- Immediately pursue service contracts with non-Chinese firms (US, Japan, Australia) under PD 87. Dare China to stop you.
- Fast-track renewable energy so we’re not begging dictators for dinosaur juice.
- Publicly release all negotiation transcripts. The Filipino people own that gas—and they deserve to see every comma.
There. Sovereignty preserved, blood pressure slightly lowered. The rest is up to a Palace that still thinks “walang mawawala” is a legal strategy. Wake up, Philippines. Or keep sleepwalking into the next humiliation deal. Your choice.
— Barok
Key Citations
A. Legal & Official Sources
- The 1987 Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines. Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines, 1987.
- Presidential Decree No. 87. The Oil Exploration and Development Act of 1972. 31 December 1972, The LawPhil Project.
- United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. 10 December 1982.
- The South China Sea Arbitration (Philippines v. China), PCA Case No. 2013-19. Permanent Court of Arbitration, 12 July 2016.
- Bayan Muna Party-List Representatives Satur C. Ocampo et al. v. President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo et al. (JMSU Case), G.R. No. 182734. Supreme Court of the Philippines, 10 January 2023, The LawPhil Project.
- La Bugal-B’laan Tribal Association, Inc. v. Ramos, G.R. No. 127882. Supreme Court of the Philippines, 1 December 2004, The LawPhil Project.
B. News Reports
- Apacible, Lisa Marie. “Carpio Warns Philippines Against China Oil Deal That Undermines West Philippine Sea Arbitral Victory.” Tribune, 1 Apr. 2026.
- Bajo, Anna Felicia. “Palace: No PH interest will be lost in possible joint oil exploration with China.” GMA News Online, GMA Network.

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